vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvFor viewing ALL pages of this website, click SITEMAP.Introduction : Modern science has no foolproof technique of weather forecasting. There are two categories of scientific methods currently being used : one is statistical, lacking any sound theory and guided by a set of pressure and temperature parameters of selected places and correlating them to past rainfall patterns ; the other is based on dynamic weather simulation. Ironically, it is the statistical method which gives better results, but parameters have to be overhauled after few years, and it has been found that in ~60 years only less than half of the predictions can be said to be approximately reliable. Hence, in modern science, weather forecasting is little more than guesswork, because in tossing of coin also you may get 50% heads and 50% tails.

There are many ancient techniques (not currently used) of weather forecasting in Vedic Astrology. During past millenium, most of these techniques went into disuse due to lack of state patronage. Another reason was deliberate secrecy due to threats to one's own state, as a result of which many of these techniques were lost or forgotten. Many new short cut methods were devised during the mediaeval age, some of which had neither any theoretical justification nor any connection with siddhanta or samhitaa and have been proven to be no more reliable than in 50-60% cases.

Here, the most important and easiest of all the ancient techniques is being elaborated with examples. Horoscope of the world cast at the juncture of Sun's entry into nirayana Mesha raashi helps in annual prediction for the world, which is being explained here merely with reference to annual rainfall, although these annual horoscopes can be used for predicting other events too. Exactly same method can be used to make horoscopes at the time of solar transits into asterisms (Nakshatras), which will be valid for the period till Sun resides in that Nakshatra.

All these horoscopes should be made from the place where the World was born (according to traditional view), like the birthplace of individual used for making individual horoscope. According to Vedic-Purānic-Epic-Suryasiddhāntic tradition, this Creation was created by Lord Brahmā from atop Mt Meru. Hence, world's horoscope should be made from Mt Meru. According to Suryasiddhanta, "Mt Meru lies in the jewel-rich region of Jambūnada at the middle of Earth". Narapatijayacharyaa, a mediaeval work based on ancient Yāmala tantras, also says Meru is in middle of Earth and "India is east from Meru" (भरतेषु च विख्यातो पूर्वदिङ्-मेरुतः स्थितः...नवखण्डमिदं प्रोक्तं कथितं च आदियामले।।cf. Padmachakra, 7।।; this citation in Narapatijayacharyā is from Ādi-Yāmala Tantra ). That mountain has been renamed as Mt Kenya by moderners, where a town named Meru still sits. Its latitude is zero and longitude is 37:19 east of Greenwich. This location of Meru can be tested astrologically as shown below,instead of wasting time in argumentation. World's horoscopes made from Mt Meru has been found to be in perfect harmony with all available official data about rainfall, economic growth, major wars, famines, major storms, major earthquakes, etc, without a single exception ! For instance, 136 years' annual rainfall data of IMD (Indian Meteorological Dept) arranged by scientists of IITM (Indian Institute of tropical Meteorology, Pune) was checked and the result was always perfectly in tune with astrological results. Look at bottom of this page for these official data about rainfall and their sources. Standard methods of BPHS (Brihat Parashara Horaa Shaastra) are used to analyze mesha pravesha bhaava-chaliota charts made from Mt Meru (Mt Kenya). This method is very simple, but Ganita must be Suryasiddhantic for 100% accurate results. If physical astronomy is used, we get mixed results, sometimes right and sometimes wrong. Here, 100% accuracy means absence of a single false result, but some persons guess that the talk of 100% accuracy means 100% accuracy in absolute quantity of rainfall, which is impossible for any mortal. Astrologers say you are going to have good earning during so and so period ;is any astrologer capable of predicting how much money you will get ? Evaluate what is offered here, and do not pose impossible questions which only God can answer.

IITM data at its website was arranged in terms of Gregorian calendar beginning with January. For comparison with Mesha-pravesha kundalis, this data was converted by me into year beginning with April. Mesh samkrānti occurs around mid-April, but negligible rainfall takes place in first half of April as compared to total annual rainfall, hence such a dataset was comparable to Mesha-pravesha kundalis from Meru. Another point which must not be overlooked is that we must follow the ancient Suryasiddhāntic mathematics with updated bīja-samskāras according to ancient principles. Here, the results are being presented, which were categorized into three categories : above normal rainfall (>+10% of normal, ie >110%) with 20 instances, normal rainfall (+10 to -10% of normal, ie, 110-90%) with 93 instances, and below normal rainfall (less than -10% or 90% of normal rainfall) with 22 instances. Here, 10 best and 10 worst rainfall years are being presented together with their astrological analyses. Aspects are given in the conventional scaling with 60' as full aspect.

JHorā software can be used for Drig-pakshiya computations (ie, based on physical astronomy). JHora uses astronomical database supplied by Swiss Ephemeris, the latter being based on NASA's JPL datasets, which are most reliable data of modern physical astronomy. A simplified software of Swiss Ephemeris can be freely downloaded by anyone, which shows half a minute errors. Hence JHora is reliable as far as physical planetary positions are concerned. But I use real Bhāvachalita based on Dasham computation which JHora lacks (no offence intended, I make predictions from actual Bhāvachalita and not from the Rāshi chart assumed to be same as Bhāva chart for time saving). Whenevr needed, Bhāvachalita computations are given from another software.

For Saura-pakshiya computations (ie, Suryasiddhāntic) , I use my special mundane software whose formulae were same as used in Suryasiddhāntic Kundalee software. This method has been verified by Jyotisha Department of KSD Sanskrit University after much debate, and many other institutions are publishing panchangas from software based on these formulae, predictions from this software have been verified by many top scientists too.

Drig-pakshiya and Saura-pakshiya computations show minor differences in individual horoscopes, but in mundane charts they show large difference in Lagna due to the fact that a quarter degree difference in position of Sun results into 6 hours' difference in time of solar transit (Samkrānti, here Mesha samkrānti at whose time annual charts are made) which means a difference of about three rāshis in all bhāvas including Lagna, which makes comparison easy. Hence, whether Saurapaksha or Drikpaksha is best suited for astrology should be decided by means of comparison of mundane charts at the time of solar transits.

Centre of the Rāshi Chakra is at Mt Meru (Mt Kenya), and middle point of Mesha is always towards the east. Hence, almost the whole of India lies in the Vrish rāshi with Venus as Lord, excluding most of J&K which lies in Mithuna and a small region around Kanyākumārī which lies in Mesha. There are seven types of Kūrma Chakra (KC) which is called Mahā-chakra in Ādi-Yāmala Tantra : Prithvi KC (shown as Padma Chakra in Narapatijayacharyā), Desha KC (which is wrongly called Prithvi Chakra in Narapatijayacharyā)), Pradesha KC (which is described under Desha KC in Narapatijayacharyā), Nagara KC for town, Grāma KC for village, Kshetra KC for plot of land, and Griha KC.

Instead of using Kūrma Chakras here, fixed Rāshi Chakra with movable Bhāvachalita is used here in Prithvi Chakra mode (called as Padma Chakra in Narapatijayacharyā) with centre at Mt Meru. Same basic design can be easily modified to make all other Medini chakras of ancient Yāmala tantras for making world forecasts. Desha chakra for Bhārata will be presented elsewhere at this site.

Rāshis are always fixed, shown with black dotted lines in the maps below, but Lagna changes with respect to time of Mesha Samkrānti. Hence, the 12 bhaavas of bhāvachalita move with Lagna as first bhāva ; due to this movability bhāva-chakra is known as bhāva-chalita (shown in coloured dotted lines in the maps below) . Although most of India lies in Vrish, sometimes large portions of South India may be lorded by Mars due to mid-point of its bhāva falling often in Mesha. Similarly, portions of NW India may often be lorded by Mercury. There are some exceptional cases when a planet fails to be lord of a bhāva which it owns in rāshi chart due to the fact that the middle of that bhāva falls in another rāshi not owned by that planet. For instance, if starting point of Kanyā is after mid-point of a particular bhāva, and end point of Kanyā ends before the middle of next bhāva, then none of these two bhāvas will be lorded by the lord of Kanyā, ie, by Mercury. BPHS (Brihat Parāshara Horā Shāstra) gives both types of bhāva charts, accurate bhāva-chalita as well as crude bhāva-chakra assumed to be same as rāshi-chakra for time saving. Some astrologers use rāshi-chakra for making bhāva-phala. This practice gives wrong results, which is proven by following study.

Only Suryasiddhantic bhaavachalita chart is shown on map, but even Drikpakshiya (based on physical astronomy) bhaavachalita chart can be easily visualized on same map by mentally rotating the bhaavachalita chart : anticlockwise if Drikpakshiya Lagna (ascendant) is more in value than Suryasiddhantic Lagna, and clockwise if less. Magnitude of this rotation should be equal to the difference in Lagnas.

Many complexities of phalita jyotisha are clarified by following studies. Most important of all, it helps us in valorization of the overall result of horoscope : we can correlate quatitative magnitude of rainfall with horoscopic conditions, and use this experience in evaluating individual horoscopes quantitavily. It is the most difficult part of phalita jyotisha, never perfected by anyone. If it is perfected, we will be able to predict the quantity of predicted results. Quantitative studies of rainfall or national economic growth helps us in this regard.

Table - 1 consists of ten best rainfall years in recorded history. Table - 2 on next page consists of ten worst rainfall years in recorded history, which is followed by some discussion on special topics needed closer scrutiny. We can provide all official data and all Saurapakshiya Mesha samkrānti horoscopes of all remaining 116 years of annual data at this website, if requested by serious researchers. At the bottom of current page is given OFFICIAL RAINFALL DATA AND THEIR SOURCE.

official DATA	Astrological Analysis of Meru Kundali : Saura vs Drik
YEAR 1956 -------- ALL INDIA +25 % ------- Penin -sular +16.1 ------- NW +47.9 ------- NE +16.7 ------- Central NE +28.4 -------- West Central +26.7	(A) Suryasiddhāntic computation : Mesha samkrānti at Meru (37º:19' E ; 0º:0' N) was at 9:07:07 AM IST, 13 Apr 1956 (one may test it in free Kundalee Software). More than half of India including entire North lies in Bhāva-3 (shown by azure or light blue arc of the bhāvachalita circle towards India) whose lord Venus resides there (svagrihi, shown in orange, superimposed by Ketu in black colour in the map). Its relatives are all ominous : debilitated (nīcha) Ketu and Rāhu, and Saturn in 8th house having aspect of 45 in north India and 60 (full) in south India falling in 3rd house. Bad planets with good aspects or residence in a house give destructive rains (called Dushta-vrishti in Vedic mundane astrology). Saturn in 8th is deadly, causing deaths with rains, but svagrihi Venus is the saviour. Places pierced (viddha) in Satvatobhadra Chakra by Saturn (places beginning with letters m,t-retroflex,p,r,t, vowel- uu) should have destructive rains, and places pierced by Venus (vowel - u) will have overall good results. Venus in Vāyu-naadi and Saturn in Chandā-nādi give high winds. Due to svagrihi Venus, middle of 3rd house will have best rains, ie in NW India. Nodes have less effect on rains if any real planet is effective and strong, as is svagrihi venus here. Peninsular India is in 2nd house (shown by light red arc of bhāvachalita circle) of Mars which is exalted but has only a 19' aspect on northern border of 2nd Bhāva shown by light red curved line running through Mahārāshtra - WB- Nāgāland ; and 35' in southernmost India. But Mars:Saturn have a mutual ownership (parivartana) relation, as a result of which Saturn is influential for this house esp of South in Deccan with full aspect, but exalted Mars attenuates the deadly effects of Saturn sitting in 8th. This house witnessed less rains than 3rd house due to svagrihi lord in the 3rd house in comparison to less than half aspect of Mars on its 2nd House (see official data in the extreme left side column : Peninsular India received +16% excess rains, while NW India received +48% excess rains). (B) On the basis of modern physical astronomy, mesha samkrānti at Meru was at 10:23:59 AM IST or 7:23:59 Kenyā Time, 13 Apr 1956 , with Lagna at 21º:23':23" in Mesha (by JHora), India falls in 2nd bhāva (2nd bhāva extends from Vrish 5º:34':19" to 3º:36':06" in Mithuna) and Venus in Vrish at 15º:41':33", svagrihi Venus is good for rains in India although being deadly (mārkesha). But middle of 2nd Bhāva containing bulk of India, excepting TN and Kerala, lies around 19º:45':10" in Vrish (curve joining Surat-Lucknow-Kāthmandu), while in Saur kundali we had middle of bhāva (3rd) at NW extremes of India near end of Vrish. According to Drig kundali, maximum rainfall should occur along the line of 19º:45':10" which runs through Surat-Lucknow-Kāthmandu because middle of bhāva was there. This region had good rains, but not maximum. Data show that maximum rains occurred at NW extreme (see the official data in the extreme left side column). Hence, Saur kundali is better for this year as far as rains are concerned. Other combinations important for India, like Saturn and Rāhu in 8th, and Ketu with Venus are the same for Saur and Drig kundalis. In individual kundalis, difference between Saura and Drig kundalis is not great now-a-days, within a few degrees for planets, but in mundane charts of transits into raashis or nakshatras exhibit a great difference in lagna due to many hours of difference in time of transit (samkrānti). Here, we find Dring lagna at 21º:23':23" , and Saur lagna at 0º:0':52", both in Mesha ! Due to such large differences, we find considerable differences in mundane horoscopes, which makes comparison easier. When we compare a number of such mundane horoscopes, evidences tilt in favour of Saura in 100% cases. Picture presented below is self-explanatory. The main picture containing world map and horoscope on it with accompanying details is the screenshot of a mundane Suryasiddhāntic software whose calculations are same as that of Kundalee software. On right side top is Rāshi chart of JHora software by PVR Narasimha Rao. On left top is output from another software based upon physical astronomy, whose computations show negligible differences from JHora.
YEAR 1917 -------- ALL INDIA +21.5 ------- Penin -sular +10.5 ------- NW +95.4 ------- NE +1.59 ------- Central NE +14.1 -------- West Central +20.5	(A) Suryasiddhāntic computation : Mesha samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was at 6:55:32 AM IST, 13 Apr 1917 (test it in free Kundalee Software). Excepting Deccan which is in 3rd House, most of India is in 4th House (green arc) lorded by exalted Venus combust in exalted Sun lying in 2nd House with combust Mars, the latter having parivartana relation with Jupiter in 3rd House. Excepting Saturn and Rahu, which have neglible aspect on those portions of India which are in 4th house, all planets have higher aspects towards NW India. Due to influence of two exalted planets, exalted lord Venus with exalted Sun, there was record rainfall in NW (+95%). Moreover, NW India also lied in middle of 4th Bhāva. Aspect of 14 by exalted sun and 16 by exalted Venus caused +95% rains in NW, but their aspect of 5-6 towards southern bhāva sandhi of 4th Bhaava caused only +20% (in West Central) and +14%(central NE) India. It is very difficult to make quantitative scales on account of few years' data, but analysis of a long period may make us wiser. South India was in 3rd Bhāva, whose lord Mars was in full control of 3rd House in spite of zero aspect due to parivartana yoga with Jupiter. Mars was samgrihi but combust with exalted Sun, which helped it to cause +10% rains in South. (B) Drikpakshiya computation (JHORA) : Mesha samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was at 11:04:13 AM IST or 8:04:13 Kenyā Time, 13 Apr 1917, with Lagna Mesha 23º:57':15" (Saura lagna was Kumbha 24º:55':39"), a difference of 59º:01':36" in Lagna. Most of India north of 8º in Vrish was in 2nd Bhāva with its lord in 12th, where lord of southern 2 states Mars was also languishing. Sun was in Lagna, hence benefit of conjunction with exalted Sun was denied. Exalted Venus in 12th was not able to give record +95% rains, and Mars with enemy Venus was much worse off. This time, Drikpakshiya chart is failing miserably.
YEAR 1892 -------- ALL INDIA +19% ------- Penin -sular +12.8 ------- NW +41.6 ------- NE +5.28 ------- Central NE +5.68 -------- West Central +33.4	(A) Suryasiddhāntic computation : Mesha samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was at 19:40:24 AM IST, 11 Apr 1892 (test it in free Kundalee Software). Excepting NW India, most of India falls in 9th house lorded by Venus which resides in its own 9th house (shown in deep blue arc on bhāva circle). Venus is present near the end of this bhāva towards NW India, and remaining bulk of NW India was lorded by Mercury which was combust in exalted Sun residing in 8th house. Thus exalted Sun influenced NW India, while parts of NW India (SW Rājasthan) were influenced by svagrihi Venus, which resulted in excessive rains in NW (+42%). It was assisted by high aspect (48 - 54) of Saturn on NW, which had an aspect relation with Mars which was lord of house in which Mercury and Sun resided. another influential planet, with less strength on NW, was Jupiter having 22 - 29 aspect on NW. Saturn was in Neerā Nādi, and Jupiter in Saumya Nādi. Other planets had negligible aspects on NW India. West Central India also got +33& rains due to proximity of this region to Venus in bhāva sandhi. Rest of India got little more than normal rains. Lord of NW in 8th house with exalted Sun meant destructive rains, while most of India in 9th house meant beneficial rains. (B) Drikpakshiya computation (JHORA) : Mesha samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was on 12 Apr 1892 at 01:09:50 AM IST , or 11 Apr 1892 at 22:09:50 Kenyā Time, with Lagna Vrishchika 24º:03':06" (Saura Lagna was Kanyā 7º:25':57"). There was a difference of over 76.6 degrees in Lagna, as a result of which India was in 7th house with Bhāva's centre at 24º degrees in Vrish, which implies heaviest rains along Gujarāt - Western Nepāl curve, which was not much away from actual heavy rainfall zone in NW. Two southern states were in 6th house where exalted Sun was residing, and lord of this house Mercury sitting in 2nd bhaava ; it should give destructively excssive rains which was not the case. Physical astronomy fails this year.
YEAR 1961 -------- ALL INDIA +18.4 ------- Penin -sular +21.3 ------- NW +27.7 ------- NE -13.9 ------- Central NE +16 -------- West Central +35.4	(A) Suryasiddhāntic computation : Mesha samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was at 17:07:53 AM IST, 13 Apr 1961.Excepting J&K, most of India falls in 11th house (shown by light blue arc on bhāva circle) lorded by Venus which resides in 9th house (deep blue arc on bhāva circle).Venus,Sun,Moon and Mercury are in 9th Bhāva (Venus is not seen in Saura chart at left bottom, but on map it is shown in orange). Both Venus and Sun are exalted and having yuti relation. But their aspect on 11th house is effective only towards the north, hence other planets with good aspects on 11th house, esp on its southern portion, also become effective. Mars has no aspect on any part of India, and nodes may be neglected because many other planets are effective (nodes become effective in rain prediction only when other planets are ineffective on a particular bhāva). Hence, six planets are effective, and computing their total effect is a formidable task. A shortcut crude method is outlined here. At bottom in left is the aspect table. Lord of 11th house Venus and two other conjuncts Moon and Mercury are in rāshi owned by Jupiter, and Jupiter has maximum aspect on 11th house as well. Moreover, Jupiter and its conjunct Saturn are in Amrita and Neerā nādis respectively, while Venus & Mercury are in Dahnā nādi, Moon in Saumya and Sun in Vāyu nādi (according to Sapta-nādi chakra which is important for rain forecasting). All these factors make Jupiter the most powerful rain maker for India this year, in spite of its debility (which is recompensed by yuti with svagrihi Saturn). To jupiter's influence, we must add that of its conjunct Saturn too. Adding aspects of Jupiter and Saturn on 11th house, we get aspects 30, 75 and 85 respectively on north, middle and south India respectively. But exalted planets Venus and Sun have a combined aspect of 42 on the north, 21 on the middle and 6 on the south. Although these exalted planets are in Dahnā and Vāyu nādis, lordship of 11th house by Venus and exaltation of both these planets Region Ven Sun Moo Mer Jup Sat North 27 15 38 28 26 4 Middle 14 7 23 14 56 19 South 6 0 11 6 53 32 make them highly influential in proportion to aspects. Mercury being both combust and debilitated and lord of 3rd and 12th houses may be neglected, but Moon being Lagnesh and in friendly rāshi of Jupiter should not be neglected, although its aspect should be reduced in weight in relation to those of exalted Venus and Sun. If we reduce the strength of Moon's aspect to half in comparison with exalted planets, we get a final aspect of all four planets in yuti with Venus.as 61, 33 and 12 on north, middle and south India respectively. Increase these figures slightly, say 20%, due to more weightage of exalted planets, to get 73, 40 and 14, and then add these to those of Jupiter and Saturn (30, 75 and 85), we get 103, 115 and 99 on north, middle and south India respectively. It tallies well with actual rainfall data : +28% in NW, +35% and +16%(Central NE or CNE) in middle, and +21% in south. Many parts of Central NE should be counted in north. Only a rough approximation has been attempted, actual valorization of planetary influences for enabling us to predict exact quatity of rainfall is not possible unless we make a large database for easy referencing, which we do not possess and therefore are forced to work on guesswork. But such a database can be prepared with time, which will help in prediction by meand of referencing to similar planetary conditions in the database. (B) Drikpakshiya computation (JHORA) : Mesha samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was on 13 Apr 1961 at 17:45:26 AM IST , or 13 Apr 1961 at 14:45:26 Kenyā Time, with Lagna Karka 29º:26':02" (Saura Lagna was Karka 13º:09':09"). There was a difference of over 16º degrees in Lagna, as a result of which 11th bhāva will not coincide with almost whole of India : northern half will fall in 11th and southern half in 10th house. JHORA software does not show real Bhāvachalita chart. JHORA shows Lagna at Karka 29º:26':02" , which means 11th bhaava's middle should be near the end of Vrish and 10th bhaava's middle should be near the end of Mesha. Thus, 10th bhāva's start must be around the middle of Mesha and Sun must be in 9th bhāva and not in 10th bhāva. Therefore, JHORA software shows only rāshi chart, and bhāvachalita chart is never shown. Rāshi chart is used only for mathematical works like exaltation, friendships, aspects, etc, while all predictions are to be made from bhāvachalita, but many astrologers use rāshi chart for predictive works as well, and never consult bhāvachalita. Here, Sun being in 9th bhāva has no aspect on south India lying in 10th bhāva and therefore good rains could not be expected in south India, esp in relation to nort where exalted Venus and other related planets had good aspects. Moreover, lord of 10th house Mars was in 12th, suggesting a drought. Hence, physical astonomy fails misrably in this case, while Suryasiddhānta explains data admirably, as in all other years.
YEAR 1893 -------- ALL INDIA +17.9 ------- Penin -sular +8.82 ------- NW +37.2 ------- NE +16.2 ------- Central NE +21.9 -------- West Central +16.6	(A) Suryasiddhāntic computation : Mesha samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was at 1:53:08 AM IST, 12 Apr 1893. Most of India falls in 6 th house (shown by red arc on bhāva circle) lorded by Venus, and a large portion of NW India in 7th house lorded by Mercury. Here again a debilitated Mercury having yuti relation with exalted Venus gets the strength of Venus, as in the case with Jupiter in 1961 AD seen above. Due to relatively higher aspect of Mercury on its regions in NW India, from 32' to 27', NW India got highest amount of rainfall, while rest of India experience relatively less due to low aspect or its lord Venus : 19 in north and only 1' in south. Its closest relative Saturn, however, contributed to rains throughout all parts due to its aspect 43 in north, 31 in middle and 39 in south. Excepting the ineffective Moon, all planets had higher aspect in north, which resulted in high incidence of rains in the north. Enmical Mars in bhāva sandhi must have have caused troubles in those regions. (B) Drikpakshiya computation (JHORA) : Mesha Samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was on 12 Apr 1893 at 7:22:03 AM IST , or 12 Apr 1961 at 4:33:03 Kenyā Time, with Lagna Kumbha 24º:54':55" (Saura Lagna was Dhanu10º:28':38"). There was a difference of over 74º degrees in Lagna, as a result of which most of india was in 4th bhāva which extended from 10 degrees of Vrish (around Goā-Hyderābād curve) to 10 degrees of Mithuna (Afghānistan) , south fell in 3rd house containing Jupiter in its beginning. Venus is exalted, but has low aspect , while its closest aspect relative Saturn laguished in 8th house and could not help much. Debilitated Mercury may send good results to its houses due to yuti relation with exalted Venus, but was ineffective in doing anything good for the houses of Venus due to its debilitation. Venus was the on its own was somewhat effective in north having aspect 19'. Mars as lord of 3rd and 10th houses could make normal rains, but its two relatives Moon as lord of 6th sitting in Lagna and Saturn sitting in 8th houses and lording 12th and Lagna houses both having good aspects on India could give only destructive rains. These Drikpakshiya conditions do not support data : a +17% to +22% rains in central regions where Mars was situated, at most normal and uneven rains could be expected because Mars was samgrihi only. The JHORA chart is actually rāshi chart and not real Bhāvachalita and should be used with caution.
YEAR 1916 -------- INDIA +17.3 ------- Penin +16.8 ------- NW +18.4 ------- NE +6.89 ------- CenNE +14.5 -------- W.Cen +27	(A) Suryasiddhāntic computation : Mesha samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was at 00:42:55 AM IST, 13 Apr 1916. Most of India falls in 7 th house (shown by azure arc on bhāva circle) lorded by Venus, and southernmost portion of India in 6th house lorded by Mars. Svagrihi Venus in its own house 7th was auspicious for entire bhāva. It had no relatives, hence other planets were not effective. 6th bhāva contains TN, Kerala and some adjoining districts of India, whose lord Mars was debilitated but sitting in Karka with svagrihi Moon in auspicious 9th bhāva. Here again, we find a debilitated planet having conjunction (yuti) relation with a strongly benefic planet proving auspicious for its owned bhāva : south India had same amount of rainfall as the rest of India. Hence, what svagrihi Venus did for its own bhāva was done by a debilitated Mars in yuti with a svagrihi Moon in 9th. Effect of relations are clearly shown by actual events. (B) Drikpakshiya computation (JHORA) : Mesha Samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was on 13 Apr 1916 at 4:47:15 AM IST , or 13 Apr 1916 at 1:47:15 Kenyā Time, with Lagna Makara 14º:49':40" (Saura Lagna was Vrishchika 24º:08':27"). There was a difference of over 50º:41':13" in Lagna, as a result of which mid point of 5th bhāva fell 3º north of middle of India where svagrihi Venus was sitting auspiciously. Almost whole of India fell in 5th bhāva. In the case of 5th bhāva, both Saurapakshiya and Drikpakshiya computations give equally good results, but Drikpakshiya chart suggests a higher rainfall in TN and Kerala than attested by data due to kendra (4th) bhāva whose lord was with svagrihi Moon in 7th ; in Saurapaksha TN and Kerala fall in 6th house but its lord was with svagrihi Moon in 9th which saved the situation by giving a slightly more than moderate rains. Map on left shows TN and Kerala in green, which is for 0-10% rains : actual data show +7.16% for TN and +5.37% for Kerala, while the whole Peninsular India got +16.8% (Karnataka and Andhra got +35% to +45%). Physical astronomy fails to explain moderate rains in TN and Kerala, while Suryasiddnatic computations put TN and Kerala in 6th bhāva due to which benefic effects of conjunction of lord Mars with svagrihi Moon is reduced. Mars is debilitated, hence, only the effect of its strong conjunct relative Moon is effective. The map above shows bigger circles for larger regions and smaller circles for smaller regions ; these circles are coloured according to the relative amount of annual rainfall as shown at bottom of this map. Presently, we are discussing Prithvi Chakra of Ādi Yāmala Tantra with Mt Meru as centre. When we cast annual horoscopes from ancient India's geographical centre at Vidishā, we will get more detailed regional break up of rainfall projections. This Vidishā-centered Desha Chakra is shown in this map (which also shows Merucentic meridians as red and blue dotted lines : red lines indicate boundaries of Vrish rāshi), but we will discuss that chakra in another article. Besides these two chakras, there are five lower level chakras we have not scientifically analyzed as yet : 3. Pradesha, 4. Nagara, 5.Grāma, 6.Kshetra (plot), 7.Griha. Slight modifications in these raashi chakras give rise to seven types of Koorma Chakras, which are not our concern at present. In Desha-Chakra above, sizes of coloured circles are proportional to the areas of meteorological subdivisions defined by Indian Meteorological Dept (IMD), and colour indicates relative rainfall.
YEAR 1933 -------- ALL INDIA +16.9 ------- Penin -sular +19.2 ------- NW +45 ------- NE -2.11 ------- Central NE +13.7 -------- West Central +21.3	(A) Suryasiddhāntic computation : Mesha samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was at 10:17:12 AM IST, 13 Apr 1933. Most of India falls in 2 nd bhāva (shown by red arc on bhāva circle) lorded by Venus, except by a small portion in south falling in Lagna. Lord of 2nd house Venus is exalted in 12th house, but combust and defeated in planetary war by exalted Sun. As a result, the strength of exalted Venus is transferred to exalted Sun which becomes stronger. Sun (and Venus) had a higher aspect on north which resulted in +45% rainfall in NW INdia : Sun's aspect was 15 and of Venus 16. Debilitated Mercury with these exalted planets could be good for its own houses but not for the house of Venus. Houses in complete control of exalted planets have more than normal rainfall even in regions where aspect is negligible, due to strong influence of exalted planets. The small region in south lorded by Mars had samgrihi Mars with samgrihi Jupiter, but Mars had mutual ownership (sthāna parivartana) relation with exalted Sun, hence 5th house was in complete control of Sun and had excellent rains. (B) Drikpakshiya computation (JHORA) : Mesha Samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was on 13 Apr 1933 at 13:29:48 AM IST , or 13 Apr 1933 at 10:29:48 Kenyā Time, with Lagna Vrish 28º:37':35" (Saura Lagna was Mesha 19º:21':08"). There was a difference of over 39º degrees in Lagna, as a result of which northern regions of India above 14º degrees in Vrish were in Lagna and rest parts were in 12th house. Lagna contained no planet and was therefore influenced only by Lagnesh Venus exalted in 11th house. Mercury was in 10th bhāva and Sun was in 11th bhāva with Venus. Venus caused good rains in north. Southern half of India was lorded by Mars which had parivartana relation with Sun. But Sun had no aspect on a house adjacent to it. Mars had 12' on central and 21' on southern India, but actually southern India got less rains than central India which is clear from the detailed map prepared from official data on a sub-regional level obtained from IITM (Indian Institute of tropical Meteorology,Pune) shown on left, which proves that Drikpakshiya kundali (based on physical astronomy) gives wrong prediction of a higher rains in south.
YEAR 1894 -------- ALL INDIA +15.3 ------- Penin -sular -10.2 ------- NW +44.7 ------- NE +8.08 ------- Central NE +24.6 -------- West Central +18.2	(A) Suryasiddhāntic computation : Mesha samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was at 08:05:36 AM IST, 13 Apr 1894. Most of India falls in 3 rd house (shown by azure arc on bhāva circle) lorded by Venus, only J&K was in 4th house lorded by Mercury. This year's Saurapakshiya Prithvi-Chakra (ie, Meru Kundali) is a beautiful example of rules of phalita, esp of relations. Lord of 3rd house is Venus, languishing as samgrihi in 12th house, which has a mutual lordship (sthāna parivartana relation) with exalted Saturn sitting in 8th. As a result, houses of Saturn are in control of Venus, and houses of Venus are in control of Saturn (parivartana means exchange). In addition, Saturn has a full aspect relation of 60':60' with exalted Sun. Hence, Sun also influences houses controlled by Saturn. Full aspect relation means full influence. Sun is a bitter enemy of Saturn, and an enemy of Venus (enmities and friendships are shown in the aspect table in right bottom of the picture). Sun is more powerful than Saturn, because the latter is in 8th. Therefore, exalted Sun is most influence for 3rd house, whose influence is much heavier than that of Jupiter in 3rd house because Jupiter is in bitter enemy's house and is therefore weak. Moreover, Jupiter is bitter enemy of Venus and enemy of Saturn, while the latter two are enemy of Jupiter, hence Jupiter and the rest two neutralize each other, while Sun and Jupiter are fast friend of each other. Hence, Saturn and Venus could not affect south India, while in north and middle Sun and Jupiter reinforced each other. Exalted Sun has 15 aspect on northern part of 3rd house, ie NW India, and zero on South. Hence, NW India had excellent rains (+45%), while south had -10%. Saturn's influence was suppressed by Sun due to exalted Saturn's weakening in 8th house. Saturn had 30' on north and 45' on south : had Saturn been effective, south would have got more rains. Venus and Jupiter were more influential for middle and not north. Hence, actual data show that Sun was most effective. Sun's bitter enmity with Saturn and Venus caused less than normal rains in south where Sun had zero aspect. Half aspect relations of Moon and Mars were ineffective with respect to full aspect relation of Sun. (B) Drikpakshiya computation (JHORA) : Mesha Samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was on 12 Apr 1894 at 13:30:57 AM IST , or 12 Apr 1894 at 10:30:57 Kenyā Time, with Lagna Vrish 28º:55':52" (Saura Lagna was Mina 13º:46':50"). There was a difference of over 45º degrees in Lagna, as a result of which Lagna-bhāva extended fron Vrish 14º to Mithuna 14º degrees in actual bhāvachalita (not shown by JHORA). Hence, northern half of India fell in Lagna and southern half fell in 12th house. Venus was samgrihi in 10th house of Saturn, and Saturn was not exalted. Jupiter was in Lagna, but in bitter enemy's house. These factors do not explain +45% rains in NW or +25% in central NE (UP, Bihar). Similarly, southern India was in 12th house where exalted Sun was sitting. Moreover, its lord Mars eas exalted in 9th house, having a near full aspect of 56 on 12th house. Hence, south India should receive excellent rains due to two exalted planets, but actually received less than normal rains. Hence, physical astronomy (Drikpaksha) fails utterly in this case to explain actual rainfall.
YEAR 1946 -------- ALL INDIA +14.8 ------- Penin -sular +27.5 ------- NW +10.3 ------- NE +10.3 ------- Central NE +10.5 -------- West Central +17.6	(A) Suryasiddhāntic computation : Mesha samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was at 19:01:03.9 AM IST, 13 Apr 1946. Most of India falls in 10 th house (shown by azure arc on bhāva circle) lorded by Venus, with Peninsula and most of Orissa in 9th bhāva (in deep blue arc on bhāva circle). Venus is in friendly 9th house but has only 6' (10%) aspect in NW and North India and zero aspect on southern regions of 10th bhāva (Central India). Hence, Venus is good but not much effective for 10th bhāva. Venus has two mutual aspect-relatives : Jupiter (51':25' mutual aspects with Venus) and Moon (34':22'). Jupiter's relation is somewhat stronger than that of Moon, but Jupiter is sitting in the 2nd bhāva of its bitter enemy debilitated Mercury, while Moon sits as samgrihi in Lagna which is lorded by exalted Sun. Therefore, Jupiter is almost ineffective in relation to Moon in their influences. Moon has 13' in NW and North India, but 21' in middle (and 28' in South). Data show more rains in central India (eg, +18% in West Central India ; Central NE contains parts of North too as it contains entire UP) than in NW and North (+10%). No other planet has more aspect on Central India than on North. Hence, it explains the rain data well in 10th bhāva. Now, look at 9th bhāva. Its lord Mars is yogakāraka by dint of being lord of kendra and trikona (4, 9 th bhāvas) and is further strengthened by sitting in its fast friend Moon's 11th house with its frienf Saturn (look at aspect table's colour codes for friendships). But Mars is debilitated. Moreover, both Mars and its conjunct relative Saturn have almost zero aspect on 9th bhāva. Mars has 31':29' and Saturn has 38:34 aspect relation with Mercury, and Mercury has 25' aspect on northern Peninsula and 12' on southernmost India, but Mercury is debilitated. Saturn has strong aspect relation of 53:41 with exalted Sun, but Sun sits in 8th and has negligible influence on adjacent 9th bhāva. Only two planets are effective for 9th bhāva : Venus sitting there in friend Mars's house, and Jupiter having strong aspect relation of 51:25 with Venus. While Venus is fully effective and benefic, Jupiter also has strong fast-friendly aspects ranging from 51 to 47 on Peninsula. Hence, this region received very good rains : + 27.5 % in spite of ineffective lord. (B) Drikpakshiya computation (JHORA) : Mesha Samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was at 21:04:29 PM IST , or at 18:34:29 Kenyā Time on 13 Apr 1946, with Lagna at Tulā 0º:49':28" (Saura Lagna was Simha 26º:54':37"). There was a difference of over +33º:54':51" degrees in Lagna.Drikpakshiya bhāvachalita can be made on following map by rotating the coloured bhāva circle by 34 degrees anti-clockwise, which will change the bhāvas of India by one rāshi and four degrees. Hence, northern half will fall in 9th and southern in 8th bhāvas.Venus will fall in start of 8th bhāva lorded by Mars, Sun in 7th. Venus has relation with Moon, but Moon sits in 12yh bhāva.Jupiter has good aspect, but is lorded by debilitated Mercury. It is bad for South. North is also bad, being devoid of planets and with its lord Venus in 8th. Thus, physical astronomy wrongly shows a drought in whole of India !!
YEAR 1955 -------- ALL INDIA +14.3 ------- Penin -sular +13.1 ------- NW +20.2 ------- NE +5.88 ------- Central NE +13.3 -------- West Central +20.6	(A) Suryasiddhāntic computation : Mesha samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was at 02:54:30.6 AM IST, 14 Apr 1955. Most of India falls in 6th house (shown by red arc on bhāva circle) lorded by Venus, and Peninsula in 5th lorded by Mars. Venus has mutual lordship (parivartana) relation with exalted Saturn, both of which have 42' and 43' aspect respectively on end point of vrish, and 6th bhāva's starting point has 31' aspect of Venus and 52' of Saturn. But eaxlted Sun having more aspect on North offsets, and therefore we can say all parths of 6th house should have equal rains. Data give +20.2 in NW, +20.6% in West Central and +13% in other regions which are divided between northern and central India. Peninsular India lies in 5th house lorded by Mars. Mars sits in 5th house, but in Vrish rāshi as a samgrihi. It has 54:34 aspect relation with exalted Saturn, which causes a good (+13%) rains in South. (B) Drikpakshiya computation (JHORA) : Mesha Samkrānti at Meru (37:19 E ; 0:0 N) was at 4:20:54 AM IST ,at 1:50:54 Kenyā Time or 14 Apr 1955, with Lagna Makara 15º:43':22" (Saura Lagna was Dhanu 24º:32':54"). There was a large difference of over +21º:10':28" degrees in Lagna, as a result of which following Bhāvachakra should be turned 21º degrees anti-clockwise. Hence, 5th bhāva will range from 4º:47':51" of Vrish to 3º:10':01" of Mithuna and will include whole of India excluding a few districts near Kanyākumarī. Its lord Venus in in 2nd house of exalted Saturn, the latter in 10th house of Venus. It suggests a very very good rains throughout 5th bhvāva due to parivartana relation which puts 5th bhāva under benefic control of exalted Saturn in Venus. But data give a moderately good rains, while 5th house and exalted Saturn suggest almost record rainfall. This year, Drikpakshiya chart shows very good rains, but it gives a much higher rainfall than actually recorded. Comparison with other years suggest that an exalted planet having near total aspect on a 5th bhāva must give much more than +14% rains only.

Due to oversizing of this page, next table has been transferred on following webpage :
For next table , click Worst Rainfall Years .


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Monthly rainfall data of IMD (Indian Meterological Dept) for 136 years (1871-2006) has been arranged by scientists of IITM, Pune, which can be procured freely from its website ( Click_Here ). These data are in calendar year beginning from January. I converted them into financial year beginning from April, which is better for comparison with Mesha Samkrānti charts which now-a-days fall around 13-16 April. This Excel file can be downloaded by clicking : AllIndia136Apr.xls (it is an Excel Worksheet). The All-India and regional annual rainfall data presented above in left side colum is from this official source.

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